[stem/master] Concatenate strings with bytearray rather than BytesIO
commit c23cffc5cbe12b276fa18424a7bc85f91f901a60 Author: Damian Johnson <atagar@torproject.org> Date: Fri May 25 14:19:22 2018 -0700 Concatenate strings with bytearray rather than BytesIO While skimming through the python docs I came across a note suggesting bytearray for string concatenation... https://docs.python.org/3/faq/programming.html#what-is-the-most-efficient-wa... Gave this a whirl and it's not only more readable, but about 10% faster too... ============================================================ concat_with_bytesio.py ============================================================ import io import time start = time.time() full_bytes = io.BytesIO() for i in range(10000000): full_bytes.write(b'hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii') result = full_bytes.getvalue() print('total length: %i, took %0.2f seconds' % (len(result), time.time() - start)) ============================================================ concat_with_bytearray.py ============================================================ import time start = time.time() full_bytes = bytearray() for i in range(10000000): full_bytes += b'hiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii' result = bytes(full_bytes) print('total length: %i, took %0.2f seconds' % (len(result), time.time() - start)) ============================================================ Results ============================================================ % python2 --version Python 2.7.12 % python3 --version Python 3.5.2 % for ((n=0;n<3;n++)); do python2 concat_with_bytearray.py; done total length: 220000000, took 1.18 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.19 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.17 seconds % for ((n=0;n<3;n++)); do python3 concat_with_bytearray.py; done total length: 220000000, took 1.02 seconds total length: 220000000, took 0.99 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.03 seconds % for ((n=0;n<3;n++)); do python2 concat_with_bytesio.py; done total length: 220000000, took 1.40 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.38 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.38 seconds % for ((n=0;n<3;n++)); do python3 concat_with_bytesio.py; done total length: 220000000, took 1.18 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.19 seconds total length: 220000000, took 1.20 seconds --- stem/client/cell.py | 58 ++++++++++++++++++++++++------------------------- stem/client/datatype.py | 21 +++++++++--------- stem/socket.py | 22 +++++++++---------- 3 files changed, 48 insertions(+), 53 deletions(-) diff --git a/stem/client/cell.py b/stem/client/cell.py index b40a737f..d0a98ada 100644 --- a/stem/client/cell.py +++ b/stem/client/cell.py @@ -39,7 +39,6 @@ Messages communicated over a Tor relay's ORPort. import datetime import inspect -import io import os import random import sys @@ -192,24 +191,23 @@ class Cell(object): if isinstance(cls, CircuitCell) and circ_id is None: raise ValueError('%s cells require a circ_id' % cls.NAME) - cell = io.BytesIO() - cell.write(Size.LONG.pack(circ_id) if link_protocol > 3 else Size.SHORT.pack(circ_id)) - cell.write(Size.CHAR.pack(cls.VALUE)) - cell.write(b'' if cls.IS_FIXED_SIZE else Size.SHORT.pack(len(payload))) - cell.write(payload) + cell = bytearray() + cell += Size.LONG.pack(circ_id) if link_protocol > 3 else Size.SHORT.pack(circ_id) + cell += Size.CHAR.pack(cls.VALUE) + cell += b'' if cls.IS_FIXED_SIZE else Size.SHORT.pack(len(payload)) + cell += payload # pad fixed sized cells to the required length if cls.IS_FIXED_SIZE: - cell_size = cell.seek(0, io.SEEK_END) fixed_cell_len = 514 if link_protocol > 3 else 512 - if cell_size > fixed_cell_len: - raise ValueError('Payload of %s is too large (%i bytes), must be less than %i' % (cls.NAME, cell_size, fixed_cell_len)) + if len(cell) > fixed_cell_len: + raise ValueError('Payload of %s is too large (%i bytes), must be less than %i' % (cls.NAME, len(cell), fixed_cell_len)) - cell.write(ZERO * (fixed_cell_len - cell_size)) + cell += ZERO * (fixed_cell_len - len(cell)) - return cell.getvalue() + return bytes(cell) @classmethod def _unpack(cls, content, circ_id, link_protocol): @@ -330,15 +328,15 @@ class RelayCell(CircuitCell): raise ValueError('%s relay cells concern the circuit itself and cannot have a stream id' % self.command) def pack(self, link_protocol): - payload = io.BytesIO() - payload.write(Size.CHAR.pack(self.command_int)) - payload.write(Size.SHORT.pack(self.recognized)) - payload.write(Size.SHORT.pack(self.stream_id)) - payload.write(Size.LONG.pack(self.digest)) - payload.write(Size.SHORT.pack(len(self.data))) - payload.write(self.data) + payload = bytearray() + payload += Size.CHAR.pack(self.command_int) + payload += Size.SHORT.pack(self.recognized) + payload += Size.SHORT.pack(self.stream_id) + payload += Size.LONG.pack(self.digest) + payload += Size.SHORT.pack(len(self.data)) + payload += self.data - return RelayCell._pack(link_protocol, payload.getvalue(), self.circ_id) + return RelayCell._pack(link_protocol, bytes(payload), self.circ_id) @classmethod def _unpack(cls, content, circ_id, link_protocol): @@ -521,15 +519,15 @@ class NetinfoCell(Cell): self.sender_addresses = sender_addresses def pack(self, link_protocol): - payload = io.BytesIO() - payload.write(Size.LONG.pack(int(datetime_to_unix(self.timestamp)))) - payload.write(self.receiver_address.pack()) - payload.write(Size.CHAR.pack(len(self.sender_addresses))) + payload = bytearray() + payload += Size.LONG.pack(int(datetime_to_unix(self.timestamp))) + payload += self.receiver_address.pack() + payload += Size.CHAR.pack(len(self.sender_addresses)) for addr in self.sender_addresses: - payload.write(addr.pack()) + payload += addr.pack() - return NetinfoCell._pack(link_protocol, payload.getvalue()) + return NetinfoCell._pack(link_protocol, bytes(payload)) @classmethod def _unpack(cls, content, circ_id, link_protocol): @@ -664,14 +662,14 @@ class AuthChallengeCell(Cell): self.methods = methods def pack(self, link_protocol): - payload = io.BytesIO() - payload.write(self.challenge) - payload.write(Size.SHORT.pack(len(self.methods))) + payload = bytearray() + payload += self.challenge + payload += Size.SHORT.pack(len(self.methods)) for method in self.methods: - payload.write(Size.SHORT.pack(method)) + payload += Size.SHORT.pack(method) - return AuthChallengeCell._pack(link_protocol, payload.getvalue()) + return AuthChallengeCell._pack(link_protocol, bytes(payload)) @classmethod def _unpack(cls, content, circ_id, link_protocol): diff --git a/stem/client/datatype.py b/stem/client/datatype.py index 038229d2..75fae662 100644 --- a/stem/client/datatype.py +++ b/stem/client/datatype.py @@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ users.** See our :class:`~stem.client.Relay` the API you probably want. import collections import hashlib -import io import struct import stem.prereq @@ -381,11 +380,11 @@ class Address(Field): self.value_bin = value def pack(self): - cell = io.BytesIO() - cell.write(Size.CHAR.pack(self.type_int)) - cell.write(Size.CHAR.pack(len(self.value_bin))) - cell.write(self.value_bin) - return cell.getvalue() + cell = bytearray() + cell += Size.CHAR.pack(self.type_int) + cell += Size.CHAR.pack(len(self.value_bin)) + cell += self.value_bin + return bytes(cell) @staticmethod def pop(content): @@ -422,11 +421,11 @@ class Certificate(Field): self.value = value def pack(self): - cell = io.BytesIO() - cell.write(Size.CHAR.pack(self.type_int)) - cell.write(Size.SHORT.pack(len(self.value))) - cell.write(self.value) - return cell.getvalue() + cell = bytearray() + cell += Size.CHAR.pack(self.type_int) + cell += Size.SHORT.pack(len(self.value)) + cell += self.value + return bytes(cell) @staticmethod def pop(content): diff --git a/stem/socket.py b/stem/socket.py index 710ab657..3da24c29 100644 --- a/stem/socket.py +++ b/stem/socket.py @@ -72,7 +72,6 @@ Tor... from __future__ import absolute_import -import io import re import socket import ssl @@ -713,9 +712,9 @@ def recv_message(control_file): _log_trace(line) return stem.response.ControlMessage([(status_code, divider, content)], line) else: - parsed_content, raw_content, first_line = [], io.BytesIO(), False + parsed_content, raw_content, first_line = [], bytearray(), False - raw_content.write(line) + raw_content += line if divider == '-': # mid-reply line, keep pulling for more content @@ -723,25 +722,24 @@ def recv_message(control_file): elif divider == ' ': # end of the message, return the message parsed_content.append((status_code, divider, content)) - _log_trace(raw_content.getvalue()) - return stem.response.ControlMessage(parsed_content, raw_content.getvalue()) + _log_trace(bytes(raw_content)) + return stem.response.ControlMessage(parsed_content, bytes(raw_content)) elif divider == '+': # data entry, all of the following lines belong to the content until we # get a line with just a period - content_block = io.BytesIO() - content_block.write(content) + content_block = bytearray(content) while True: try: line = control_file.readline() - raw_content.write(line) + raw_content += line except socket.error as exc: - log.info(ERROR_MSG % ('SocketClosed', 'received an exception while mid-way through a data reply (exception: "%s", read content: "%s")' % (exc, log.escape(raw_content.getvalue())))) + log.info(ERROR_MSG % ('SocketClosed', 'received an exception while mid-way through a data reply (exception: "%s", read content: "%s")' % (exc, log.escape(bytes(raw_content))))) raise stem.SocketClosed(exc) if not line.endswith(b'\r\n'): - log.info(ERROR_MSG % ('ProtocolError', 'CRLF linebreaks missing from a data reply, "%s"' % log.escape(raw_content.getvalue()))) + log.info(ERROR_MSG % ('ProtocolError', 'CRLF linebreaks missing from a data reply, "%s"' % log.escape(bytes(raw_content)))) raise stem.ProtocolError('All lines should end with CRLF') elif line == b'.\r\n': break # data block termination @@ -754,12 +752,12 @@ def recv_message(control_file): if line.startswith(b'..'): line = line[1:] - content_block.write(b'\n' + line) + content_block += b'\n' + line # joins the content using a newline rather than CRLF separator (more # conventional for multi-line string content outside the windows world) - parsed_content.append((status_code, divider, content_block.getvalue())) + parsed_content.append((status_code, divider, bytes(content_block))) else: # this should never be reached due to the prefix regex, but might as well # be safe...
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