March 2021 - tor-commits - lists.torproject.org

[community/slideshow] Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field?
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit a69731623607031b0d23023473480014f92ec579 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 16:15:50 2021 +0100 Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field? --- templates/blocks/slide.html | 2 +- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-) diff --git a/templates/blocks/slide.html b/templates/blocks/slide.html index e9434a1..25d9c23 100644 --- a/templates/blocks/slide.html +++ b/templates/blocks/slide.html @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ {% if this.slide-layout == 'title-slide' %} - <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.background-image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> + <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> <h3>{{ this.title }}</h3> <hr class="dark" /> {% if this.subtitle %}

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[community/slideshow] Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field?
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit c02bfa3f926f5e82637f7384a1a9c27103f9dea1 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 16:14:10 2021 +0100 Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field? --- .../training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 455 +++++++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 455 insertions(+) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index c2b1f81..a90e145 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -61,3 +61,458 @@ title: Types of Relays slide-layout: title-slide ---- background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + +#### slide #### +title: Guard/middle (aka non-exit) relay +---- +description: +- A guard is the first relay in the chain of 3 relays building a Tor circuit. +- A middle relay is neither a guard nor an exit, but acts as the second hop between the two. +- To become a guard, a relay has to be stable and fast (at least 2MByte/s) otherwise it will remain a middle relay. + + +#### slide #### +title: Exit relay +---- +description: +- The exit relay is the final relay in a Tor circuit, the one that sends traffic out its destination. +- That's why exit relays have the greatest legal exposure and liability of all the relays. +- Before running an exit relay, check it with your local digital rights organization. +- **You should not run a Tor exit relay from your home** + + +#### slide #### +title: Bridge +---- +description: +- A bridge is a node in the network that isn't listed in the public Tor directory, which make it harder for ISPs and governments to block it. +- Bridges are relatively easy, low-risk and low bandwidth Tor nodes to operate. +- And there's another special kind of bridge: Pluggable transports. It hides your tor traffic by adding an additional layer of obfuscation. + + +#### slide #### +title: The lifecycle of a new relay +---- +description: +Non-exit relays pass by a lifecycle of four phases (defined by days): +- Days 0-3: the unmeasured phase +- Days 3-8: network authorities start the remote measurement phase (the ramp-up guard phase) +- Days 8-68: guard phase (where load counter intuitively drops and then rises higher) + + +#### slide #### +title: The lifecycle of a new relay +---- +description: +- And after 68 days, if the relay is stable and fast enough, it receives a Guard flag (steady-state guard phase). +- Exit relays also have a lifecycle more or less similar. +- Read about all the phases in: [https://blog.torproject.org/lifecycle-new-relay](https://blog.torproject.or… + + +#### slide #### +title: Relay requirements +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Before we start +---- +description: +- Never run a relay without the consent of network administrator or machine owner. Read the Terms of Service (ToS) first, so you don’t lose money. +- Choose which type of relay you will host. Non-exit relay is a easy way to start helping the network. +- Read the documentation: [https://torproject.org/tor-relays](https://torproject.org/tor-relays) + + +#### slide #### +title: Bandwidth requirements +---- +description: +- At least 16 Mbit/s (Mbps) upload and download bandwidth available for Tor. More is better. +- The minimum requirements for a relay are 10 Mbit/s (Mbps). +- If you have less than 10 Mbit/s but at least 1 Mbit/s we recommend you run a bridge with obfs4 support. + + +#### slide #### +title: Monthly outbound traffic +---- +description: +- It is required to use a minimum of 100 GByte of outbound/incoming traffic per month. +- If you have a metered plan you might want to configure tor to only use a given amount of bandwidth or monthly traffic. +- More (>2 TB/month) is better and recommended + + +#### slide #### +title: Public IPv4 address +---- +description: +- Every relay needs a public IPv4 address - either directly on the host (preferred) or via NAT and port forwarding. +- The IPv4 address is not required to be static but static IP addresses are preferred. +- Your IPv4 address should remain unchanged for at least 3 hours (network consensus). +- You can only run two Tor relays per public IPv4. + + +#### slide #### +title: Other requirements +---- +description: +- Memory: A <40 Mbit/s non-exit relay should have at least 512 MB of RAM available. +- Disk storage: Tor does not need much disk storage. A typical Tor relay needs less than 200 MB. + + +#### slide #### +title: Other requirements +---- +description: +- Any modern CPU should be fine. +- Uptime: Ideally the relay runs on a server which runs 24/7. + + +#### slide #### +title: Choosing your relay hosting +---- +description: +- Tor community maintain the list GoodBadISPs, about the experience of running relays: https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/doc/GoodBadISPs +- Some providers only allow non-exit relays, so before buying a service, check the GoodBadISPs. + + +#### slide #### +title: Choosing your relay hosting +---- +description: +- This can cost anywhere between $3.00/mo and thousands per month. + + +#### slide #### +title: Technical setup +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu +---- +description: +- Enable the Torproject package repository +- Install the tor package + +``` + $ apt update && apt install tor +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu +---- +description: +- Put the configuration file `/etc/tor/torrc` in place: +``` + Nickname myNiceRelay + ExitRelay 0 + SocksPort 0 + ControORPort 443 + lSocket 0 + ContactInfo tor-operator@your-emailaddress-domain + Log notice syslog +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu +---- +description: +- Restart the tor daemon: + +``` + $ systemctl restart tor@default +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +- Install the tor package + +``` + pkg install tor ca_root_nss +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: + - Edit the configuration `file/usr/local/etc/tor/torrc` + +``` + Nickname myNiceRelay + ORPort 9001 + ExitRelay 0 + SocksPort 0 + ControlSocket 0 + ContactInfo tor-operator@your-emailaddress-domain + Log notice syslog +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +- Ensure that the random_id sysctl setting is enabled: + +``` + echo "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf + sysctl net.inet.ip.random_id=1 +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +- Start the tor daemon and make sure it starts at boot: + +``` + sysrc tor_enable=YES + service tor start +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +Optional, but recommended to get package updates faster: +[https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/TorRelayGuide/FreeBSD](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/TorRelayGuide/FreeBSD) + + +#### slide #### +title: Verify that your relay works +---- +description: + +After restarting the service, verify in the log file if it contains the following entry: +``` + Self-testing indicates your ORPort is + reachable from the outside. + Excellent. + Publishing server descriptor. +``` + +About 3 hours after you started your relay it should appear on Metrics portal in Relay Search. + + +#### slide #### +title: More about relays +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Technical tips +---- +description: +- Enable automatic software updates. +- Backup your Tor Identity Keys. +- It’s possible to limit bandwidth usage (and traffic). Check the parameters, for example: AccountingMax, AccountingRule, AccountingStart. +- If run more than one Tor relay, you need to set MyFamily parameter. + + +#### slide #### +title: Orchestrating +---- +description: +- Running multiple relays by hand can be challenging. +- Configuration management tools can make the relay operator life easier: +- Ansible-relayor: [http://github.com/nusenu/ansible-relayor](http://github.com/nusenu/ansible-… +- Bash script: [https://github.com/coldhakca/tor-relay-bootstrap](https://github.com/coldha… + + +#### slide #### +title: Metrics +---- +description: +- Metrics portal - [https://metrics.torproject.org](https://metrics.torproject.org) +- It’s possible to search: how many relays are in the network, how many are exit, etc +- In 2019 there are ~6,600 relays and ~1,500 bridges. +- Check: how many relays are in your country? Who run these relays? How diverse it is? + + +#### slide #### +title: Network diversity +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Monoculture +---- +description: +- A single kernel vulnerability in GNU/Linux impacting Tor relays could be devastating. +- Diversity of Operating System (OS): ~90% of relays are Linux. + + +#### slide #### +title: Monoculture +---- +description: +- Diversity of Autonomous System (AS). Try to avoid the following hosters: OVH SAS (AS16276), Online S.a.s. (AS12876), Hetzner Online GmbH (AS24940), DigitalOcean, LLC (AS14061). + + +#### slide #### +title: More about exit relays +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Legal information +---- +description: +- In many countries there are regulations that exclude communication service providers from liability. +- It's a good idea to consult with a lawyer or your local digital rights organization. +- Under most circumstances you will be able to handle legal matters by having an abuse response letter. + + +#### slide #### +title: Legal resources +---- +description: +- The EFF Tor Legal FAQ: +[https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/eff-tor-legal-faq/](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/eff-tor-legal-faq/) +- It’s important to respond to abuse complaints in a timely manner (usually within 24 hours). +- Abuse templates letters: +[https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/tor-abuse-templates](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/tor-abuse-templates) + + +#### slide #### +title: Running relays with others +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Running a relay with others +---- +description: +- You can work with your university department, employer or institution, or an organization like [Torservers.org](Torservers.org) +- [Torservers.org](Torservers.org) is an independent, global network of organizations that helps the Tor network by running high bandwidth Tor relays. +- In many countries operating as a corporation instead of as an individual can also get you certain legal protections. + + +#### slide #### +title: Relays associations +---- +description: +- It’s often advised to create some type of non-profit corporation. This is useful for having a bank account and shared ownership. +- To start a relay association, the most important thing is to have a group of people (3-5 suggested to start) interested in helping. +- For example: Torservers.org, Cold Hak, enn.lu, nos-oignons. + + +#### slide #### +title: Running a relay with universities +---- +description: +- Universities are typically home to a reliable, robust, and well-equipped network. +- Many computer science departments and university libraries run relays, i.e., Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT CSAIL), Universitaet Stuttgart, the University of Waterloo. + + +#### slide #### +title: Running a relay with universities +---- +description: +- Start running a relay campaign in your university: [https://www.eff.org/torchallenge/tor-on-campus.html](https://www.eff.org/to… + + +#### slide #### +title: At your company or organization +---- +description: +- If you work at a Tor-friendly company or organization, that's another ideal place to run a relay. +- Companies like Brass Horn Communications, Quintex Alliance Consulting, and OmuraVPN +- And organizations like Digital Courage, Access Now, Derechos Digitales, and Lebanon Libraries in New Hampshire. + + +#### slide #### +title: Bad relays +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: What is a bad relay? +---- +description: +- A bad relay is one that either doesn't work properly or tampers with our users' connections. This can be either through maliciousness or misconfiguration. + + +#### slide #### +title: What is a bad relay? +---- +description: +- For example: tampering with exit traffic in any way (including dropping accepted connections). Or, running HSDirs that harvest and probe .onion addresses + + +#### slide #### +title: Reporting a bad relay +---- +description: +- Bad relays is also a private working group in Tor Project to detect misconfigured, malicious, or suspicious relay. +- Users can report bad relays sending an email to bad-relays(a)lists.torproject.org with the relay's IP address or fingerprint, what kind of behavior did you see, and any additional information it’s needed to reproduce the issue. + + +#### slide #### +title: What happens to bad relays? +---- +description: +- After a relay is reported and we've verified the behavior we'll attempt to contact the relay operator. +- We'll flag it to prevent it from continuing to be used (BadExit, Invalid, Reject). +- The working group actively look for bad relays using open source tools like: exitmap, sysbilhunter. + + +#### slide #### +title: How do I get help running a Tor relay? +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Getting help +---- +description: +- Read the Tor Relay Guide documentation before: +- [https://torproject.org/relay-guide](https://torproject.org/relay-guide) +- Search the mailing list archive: tor-relays in [https://lists.torproject.org](https://lists.torproject.org) +- Join the IRC channel: #tor-relays in irc.oftc.net + + +#### slide #### +title: Thank you! +---- +author: +name - email(a)example.com +---- +subtitle: +PGP FINGERPRINT +---- +slide-layout: title-slide +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png

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[community/slideshow] Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field?
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit 89bfeba8e66d445d86f3667a774f7f3b4f85b921 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 16:12:21 2021 +0100 Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field? --- templates/blocks/slide.html | 4 ++-- 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/templates/blocks/slide.html b/templates/blocks/slide.html index c803e68..e9434a1 100644 --- a/templates/blocks/slide.html +++ b/templates/blocks/slide.html @@ -1,5 +1,5 @@ -{% if this.slide-layout == "title-slide" %} - <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> +{% if this.slide-layout == 'title-slide' %} + <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.background-image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> <h3>{{ this.title }}</h3> <hr class="dark" /> {% if this.subtitle %}

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[community/slideshow] Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field?
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit 97551d93c84a76b1b7e2520e841e5c23b6b632a9 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 16:10:16 2021 +0100 Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field? --- content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 3 ++- templates/blocks/slide.html | 2 +- 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index 6f15492..c2b1f81 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -58,5 +58,6 @@ By running a Tor relay you can help make the Tor network: #### slide #### title: Types of Relays ---- -slide-layout: title +slide-layout: title-slide ---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png diff --git a/templates/blocks/slide.html b/templates/blocks/slide.html index 108b2ee..c803e68 100644 --- a/templates/blocks/slide.html +++ b/templates/blocks/slide.html @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -{% if this.slide-layout == "title" %} +{% if this.slide-layout == "title-slide" %} <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> <h3>{{ this.title }}</h3> <hr class="dark" />

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[community/slideshow] Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field?
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit 5d6a1ec8fd3700a9c0710721c93761f684c1a075 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 16:04:04 2021 +0100 Edit model and block plus templates. Layout is maybe a reserved field? --- content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 2 ++ flowblocks/slide.ini | 2 +- templates/blocks/slide.html | 2 +- 3 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index 1b7018f..6f15492 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -58,3 +58,5 @@ By running a Tor relay you can help make the Tor network: #### slide #### title: Types of Relays ---- +slide-layout: title +---- diff --git a/flowblocks/slide.ini b/flowblocks/slide.ini index 06d1075..7466391 100644 --- a/flowblocks/slide.ini +++ b/flowblocks/slide.ini @@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ label = Background color type = string translate = False -[fields.layout] +[fields.slide-layout] label = Slide layout type = string translate = False diff --git a/templates/blocks/slide.html b/templates/blocks/slide.html index 7f8a424..108b2ee 100644 --- a/templates/blocks/slide.html +++ b/templates/blocks/slide.html @@ -1,4 +1,4 @@ -{% if this.layout == "title" %} +{% if this.slide-layout == "title" %} <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> <h3>{{ this.title }}</h3> <hr class="dark" />

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[community/slideshow] Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit a302ef75a35331ad6502cc45ad9341c0f4cc8131 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 16:01:22 2021 +0100 Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building --- content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 2 -- 1 file changed, 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index 7612dd2..1b7018f 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -58,5 +58,3 @@ By running a Tor relay you can help make the Tor network: #### slide #### title: Types of Relays ---- -layout: title -----

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[community/slideshow] Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit 2039fc8b24b7c6f3661ff7443391618645902b01 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 15:58:32 2021 +0100 Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building --- .../training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 451 +-------------------- 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 450 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index b5d1fbb..7612dd2 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -56,456 +56,7 @@ By running a Tor relay you can help make the Tor network: #### slide #### -title: Guard/middle (aka non-exit) relay ----- -description: -- A guard is the first relay in the chain of 3 relays building a Tor circuit. -- A middle relay is neither a guard nor an exit, but acts as the second hop between the two. -- To become a guard, a relay has to be stable and fast (at least 2MByte/s) otherwise it will remain a middle relay. - - -#### slide #### -title: Exit relay ----- -description: -- The exit relay is the final relay in a Tor circuit, the one that sends traffic out its destination. -- That's why exit relays have the greatest legal exposure and liability of all the relays. -- Before running an exit relay, check it with your local digital rights organization. -- **You should not run a Tor exit relay from your home** - - -#### slide #### -title: Bridge ----- -description: -- A bridge is a node in the network that isn't listed in the public Tor directory, which make it harder for ISPs and governments to block it. -- Bridges are relatively easy, low-risk and low bandwidth Tor nodes to operate. -- And there's another special kind of bridge: Pluggable transports. It hides your tor traffic by adding an additional layer of obfuscation. - - -#### slide #### -title: The lifecycle of a new relay ----- -description: -Non-exit relays pass by a lifecycle of four phases (defined by days): -- Days 0-3: the unmeasured phase -- Days 3-8: network authorities start the remote measurement phase (the ramp-up guard phase) -- Days 8-68: guard phase (where load counter intuitively drops and then rises higher) - - -#### slide #### -title: The lifecycle of a new relay ----- -description: -- And after 68 days, if the relay is stable and fast enough, it receives a Guard flag (steady-state guard phase). -- Exit relays also have a lifecycle more or less similar. -- Read about all the phases in: [https://blog.torproject.org/lifecycle-new-relay](https://blog.torproject.or… - - -#### slide #### -title: Relay requirements ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Before we start ----- -description: -- Never run a relay without the consent of network administrator or machine owner. Read the Terms of Service (ToS) first, so you don’t lose money. -- Choose which type of relay you will host. Non-exit relay is a easy way to start helping the network. -- Read the documentation: [https://torproject.org/tor-relays](https://torproject.org/tor-relays) - - -#### slide #### -title: Bandwidth requirements ----- -description: -- At least 16 Mbit/s (Mbps) upload and download bandwidth available for Tor. More is better. -- The minimum requirements for a relay are 10 Mbit/s (Mbps). -- If you have less than 10 Mbit/s but at least 1 Mbit/s we recommend you run a bridge with obfs4 support. - - -#### slide #### -title: Monthly outbound traffic ----- -description: -- It is required to use a minimum of 100 GByte of outbound/incoming traffic per month. -- If you have a metered plan you might want to configure tor to only use a given amount of bandwidth or monthly traffic. -- More (>2 TB/month) is better and recommended - - -#### slide #### -title: Public IPv4 address ----- -description: -- Every relay needs a public IPv4 address - either directly on the host (preferred) or via NAT and port forwarding. -- The IPv4 address is not required to be static but static IP addresses are preferred. -- Your IPv4 address should remain unchanged for at least 3 hours (network consensus). -- You can only run two Tor relays per public IPv4. - - -#### slide #### -title: Other requirements ----- -description: -- Memory: A <40 Mbit/s non-exit relay should have at least 512 MB of RAM available. -- Disk storage: Tor does not need much disk storage. A typical Tor relay needs less than 200 MB. - - -#### slide #### -title: Other requirements ----- -description: -- Any modern CPU should be fine. -- Uptime: Ideally the relay runs on a server which runs 24/7. - - -#### slide #### -title: Choosing your relay hosting ----- -description: -- Tor community maintain the list GoodBadISPs, about the experience of running relays: https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/doc/GoodBadISPs -- Some providers only allow non-exit relays, so before buying a service, check the GoodBadISPs. - - -#### slide #### -title: Choosing your relay hosting ----- -description: -- This can cost anywhere between $3.00/mo and thousands per month. - - -#### slide #### -title: Technical setup ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu ----- -description: -- Enable the Torproject package repository -- Install the tor package - -``` - $ apt update && apt install tor -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu ----- -description: -- Put the configuration file `/etc/tor/torrc` in place: -``` - Nickname myNiceRelay - ExitRelay 0 - SocksPort 0 - ControORPort 443 - lSocket 0 - ContactInfo tor-operator@your-emailaddress-domain - Log notice syslog -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu ----- -description: -- Restart the tor daemon: - -``` - $ systemctl restart tor@default -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD ----- -description: -- Install the tor package - -``` - pkg install tor ca_root_nss -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD ----- -description: - - Edit the configuration `file/usr/local/etc/tor/torrc` - -``` - Nickname myNiceRelay - ORPort 9001 - ExitRelay 0 - SocksPort 0 - ControlSocket 0 - ContactInfo tor-operator@your-emailaddress-domain - Log notice syslog -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD ----- -description: -- Ensure that the random_id sysctl setting is enabled: - -``` - echo "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf - sysctl net.inet.ip.random_id=1 -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD ----- -description: -- Start the tor daemon and make sure it starts at boot: - -``` - sysrc tor_enable=YES - service tor start -``` - - -#### slide #### -title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD ----- -description: -Optional, but recommended to get package updates faster: -[https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/TorRelayGuide/FreeBSD](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/TorRelayGuide/FreeBSD) - - -#### slide #### -title: Verify that your relay works ----- -description: - -After restarting the service, verify in the log file if it contains the following entry: -``` - Self-testing indicates your ORPort is - reachable from the outside. - Excellent. - Publishing server descriptor. -``` - -About 3 hours after you started your relay it should appear on Metrics portal in Relay Search. - - -#### slide #### -title: More about relays ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Technical tips ----- -description: -- Enable automatic software updates. -- Backup your Tor Identity Keys. -- It’s possible to limit bandwidth usage (and traffic). Check the parameters, for example: AccountingMax, AccountingRule, AccountingStart. -- If run more than one Tor relay, you need to set MyFamily parameter. - - -#### slide #### -title: Orchestrating ----- -description: -- Running multiple relays by hand can be challenging. -- Configuration management tools can make the relay operator life easier: -- Ansible-relayor: [http://github.com/nusenu/ansible-relayor](http://github.com/nusenu/ansible-… -- Bash script: [https://github.com/coldhakca/tor-relay-bootstrap](https://github.com/coldha… - - -#### slide #### -title: Metrics ----- -description: -- Metrics portal - [https://metrics.torproject.org](https://metrics.torproject.org) -- It’s possible to search: how many relays are in the network, how many are exit, etc -- In 2019 there are ~6,600 relays and ~1,500 bridges. -- Check: how many relays are in your country? Who run these relays? How diverse it is? - - -#### slide #### -title: Network diversity ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Monoculture ----- -description: -- A single kernel vulnerability in GNU/Linux impacting Tor relays could be devastating. -- Diversity of Operating System (OS): ~90% of relays are Linux. - - -#### slide #### -title: Monoculture ----- -description: -- Diversity of Autonomous System (AS). Try to avoid the following hosters: OVH SAS (AS16276), Online S.a.s. (AS12876), Hetzner Online GmbH (AS24940), DigitalOcean, LLC (AS14061). - - -#### slide #### -title: More about exit relays ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Legal information ----- -description: -- In many countries there are regulations that exclude communication service providers from liability. -- It's a good idea to consult with a lawyer or your local digital rights organization. -- Under most circumstances you will be able to handle legal matters by having an abuse response letter. - - -#### slide #### -title: Legal resources ----- -description: -- The EFF Tor Legal FAQ: -[https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/eff-tor-legal-faq/](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/eff-tor-legal-faq/) -- It’s important to respond to abuse complaints in a timely manner (usually within 24 hours). -- Abuse templates letters: -[https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/tor-abuse-templates](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/tor-abuse-templates) - - -#### slide #### -title: Running relays with others ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Running a relay with others ----- -description: -- You can work with your university department, employer or institution, or an organization like [Torservers.org](Torservers.org) -- [Torservers.org](Torservers.org) is an independent, global network of organizations that helps the Tor network by running high bandwidth Tor relays. -- In many countries operating as a corporation instead of as an individual can also get you certain legal protections. - - -#### slide #### -title: Relays associations ----- -description: -- It’s often advised to create some type of non-profit corporation. This is useful for having a bank account and shared ownership. -- To start a relay association, the most important thing is to have a group of people (3-5 suggested to start) interested in helping. -- For example: Torservers.org, Cold Hak, enn.lu, nos-oignons. - - -#### slide #### -title: Running a relay with universities ----- -description: -- Universities are typically home to a reliable, robust, and well-equipped network. -- Many computer science departments and university libraries run relays, i.e., Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT CSAIL), Universitaet Stuttgart, the University of Waterloo. - - -#### slide #### -title: Running a relay with universities ----- -description: -- Start running a relay campaign in your university: [https://www.eff.org/torchallenge/tor-on-campus.html](https://www.eff.org/to… - - -#### slide #### -title: At your company or organization ----- -description: -- If you work at a Tor-friendly company or organization, that's another ideal place to run a relay. -- Companies like Brass Horn Communications, Quintex Alliance Consulting, and OmuraVPN -- And organizations like Digital Courage, Access Now, Derechos Digitales, and Lebanon Libraries in New Hampshire. - - -#### slide #### -title: Bad relays ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: What is a bad relay? ----- -description: -- A bad relay is one that either doesn't work properly or tampers with our users' connections. This can be either through maliciousness or misconfiguration. - - -#### slide #### -title: What is a bad relay? ----- -description: -- For example: tampering with exit traffic in any way (including dropping accepted connections). Or, running HSDirs that harvest and probe .onion addresses - - -#### slide #### -title: Reporting a bad relay ----- -description: -- Bad relays is also a private working group in Tor Project to detect misconfigured, malicious, or suspicious relay. -- Users can report bad relays sending an email to bad-relays(a)lists.torproject.org with the relay's IP address or fingerprint, what kind of behavior did you see, and any additional information it’s needed to reproduce the issue. - - -#### slide #### -title: What happens to bad relays? ----- -description: -- After a relay is reported and we've verified the behavior we'll attempt to contact the relay operator. -- We'll flag it to prevent it from continuing to be used (BadExit, Invalid, Reject). -- The working group actively look for bad relays using open source tools like: exitmap, sysbilhunter. - - -#### slide #### -title: How do I get help running a Tor relay? ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - -#### slide #### -title: Getting help ----- -description: -- Read the Tor Relay Guide documentation before: -- [https://torproject.org/relay-guide](https://torproject.org/relay-guide) -- Search the mailing list archive: tor-relays in [https://lists.torproject.org](https://lists.torproject.org) -- Join the IRC channel: #tor-relays in irc.oftc.net - - -#### slide #### -title: Thank you! ----- -author: -name - email(a)example.com ----- -subtitle: -PGP FINGERPRINT +title: Types of Relays ---- layout: title ---- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png

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[community/slideshow] Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit 520bce8fcd43d598f27c7869b2f8f8ac330a6b05 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 15:55:32 2021 +0100 Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building --- content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 8 -------- 1 file changed, 8 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index 44d8cf9..b5d1fbb 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -55,14 +55,6 @@ By running a Tor relay you can help make the Tor network: - safer for its users (spying on more relays is harder than on a few) -#### slide #### -title: Types of Relays ----- -layout: title ----- -background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png - - #### slide #### title: Guard/middle (aka non-exit) relay ----

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[community/slideshow] Edit template to understand why this crash
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit c5d77c36894504e5d9356b59b425095b5ff53edd Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 15:53:09 2021 +0100 Edit template to understand why this crash --- templates/blocks/slide.html | 16 ++++++++++------ 1 file changed, 10 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-) diff --git a/templates/blocks/slide.html b/templates/blocks/slide.html index 809873c..7f8a424 100644 --- a/templates/blocks/slide.html +++ b/templates/blocks/slide.html @@ -1,10 +1,14 @@ {% if this.layout == "title" %} -<section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> - <h3>{{ this.title }}</h3> - <hr class="dark" /> - <h4>{{ this.subtitle }}</h4> - <h5>{{ this.author }}</h5> -</section> + <section class="title" data-background-color="white" data-background-image="{{ this.image|asseturl }}" data-background-position="right bottom" data-background-size="3em"> + <h3>{{ this.title }}</h3> + <hr class="dark" /> + {% if this.subtitle %} + <h4>{{ this.subtitle }}</h4> + {% endif %} + {% if this.author %} + <h5>{{ this.author }}</h5> + {% endif %} + </section> {% else %} <section {% if this.background != "white" %} data-background-color="{{ this.background }}" {% else %} data-background-color="white" {% endif %} > <h2>{{ this.title }}</h2>

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[community/slideshow] Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building
by hiro＠torproject.org 24 Mar '21

24 Mar '21

commit e2ced56e3e4838b33ad2f8c832b9e05b5340a656 Author: hiro <hiro(a)torproject.org> Date: Wed Mar 24 15:50:12 2021 +0100 Add and remove content from the slideshow to see if it has any issue with building --- .../training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr | 457 ++++++++++++++++++++- 1 file changed, 455 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-) diff --git a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr index 69ac3b9..44d8cf9 100644 --- a/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr +++ b/content/training/resources/tor-training/contents.lr @@ -61,6 +61,459 @@ title: Types of Relays layout: title ---- background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png ---- + + +#### slide #### +title: Guard/middle (aka non-exit) relay +---- +description: +- A guard is the first relay in the chain of 3 relays building a Tor circuit. +- A middle relay is neither a guard nor an exit, but acts as the second hop between the two. +- To become a guard, a relay has to be stable and fast (at least 2MByte/s) otherwise it will remain a middle relay. + + +#### slide #### +title: Exit relay +---- +description: +- The exit relay is the final relay in a Tor circuit, the one that sends traffic out its destination. +- That's why exit relays have the greatest legal exposure and liability of all the relays. +- Before running an exit relay, check it with your local digital rights organization. +- **You should not run a Tor exit relay from your home** + + +#### slide #### +title: Bridge +---- +description: +- A bridge is a node in the network that isn't listed in the public Tor directory, which make it harder for ISPs and governments to block it. +- Bridges are relatively easy, low-risk and low bandwidth Tor nodes to operate. +- And there's another special kind of bridge: Pluggable transports. It hides your tor traffic by adding an additional layer of obfuscation. + + +#### slide #### +title: The lifecycle of a new relay +---- +description: +Non-exit relays pass by a lifecycle of four phases (defined by days): +- Days 0-3: the unmeasured phase +- Days 3-8: network authorities start the remote measurement phase (the ramp-up guard phase) +- Days 8-68: guard phase (where load counter intuitively drops and then rises higher) + + +#### slide #### +title: The lifecycle of a new relay +---- +description: +- And after 68 days, if the relay is stable and fast enough, it receives a Guard flag (steady-state guard phase). +- Exit relays also have a lifecycle more or less similar. +- Read about all the phases in: [https://blog.torproject.org/lifecycle-new-relay](https://blog.torproject.or… + + +#### slide #### +title: Relay requirements +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Before we start +---- +description: +- Never run a relay without the consent of network administrator or machine owner. Read the Terms of Service (ToS) first, so you don’t lose money. +- Choose which type of relay you will host. Non-exit relay is a easy way to start helping the network. +- Read the documentation: [https://torproject.org/tor-relays](https://torproject.org/tor-relays) + + +#### slide #### +title: Bandwidth requirements +---- +description: +- At least 16 Mbit/s (Mbps) upload and download bandwidth available for Tor. More is better. +- The minimum requirements for a relay are 10 Mbit/s (Mbps). +- If you have less than 10 Mbit/s but at least 1 Mbit/s we recommend you run a bridge with obfs4 support. + + +#### slide #### +title: Monthly outbound traffic +---- +description: +- It is required to use a minimum of 100 GByte of outbound/incoming traffic per month. +- If you have a metered plan you might want to configure tor to only use a given amount of bandwidth or monthly traffic. +- More (>2 TB/month) is better and recommended + + +#### slide #### +title: Public IPv4 address +---- +description: +- Every relay needs a public IPv4 address - either directly on the host (preferred) or via NAT and port forwarding. +- The IPv4 address is not required to be static but static IP addresses are preferred. +- Your IPv4 address should remain unchanged for at least 3 hours (network consensus). +- You can only run two Tor relays per public IPv4. + + +#### slide #### +title: Other requirements +---- +description: +- Memory: A <40 Mbit/s non-exit relay should have at least 512 MB of RAM available. +- Disk storage: Tor does not need much disk storage. A typical Tor relay needs less than 200 MB. + + +#### slide #### +title: Other requirements +---- +description: +- Any modern CPU should be fine. +- Uptime: Ideally the relay runs on a server which runs 24/7. + + +#### slide #### +title: Choosing your relay hosting +---- +description: +- Tor community maintain the list GoodBadISPs, about the experience of running relays: https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/doc/GoodBadISPs +- Some providers only allow non-exit relays, so before buying a service, check the GoodBadISPs. + + +#### slide #### +title: Choosing your relay hosting +---- +description: +- This can cost anywhere between $3.00/mo and thousands per month. + + +#### slide #### +title: Technical setup +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu +---- +description: +- Enable the Torproject package repository +- Install the tor package + +``` + $ apt update && apt install tor +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu +---- +description: +- Put the configuration file `/etc/tor/torrc` in place: +``` + Nickname myNiceRelay + ExitRelay 0 + SocksPort 0 + ControORPort 443 + lSocket 0 + ContactInfo tor-operator@your-emailaddress-domain + Log notice syslog +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - Debian/Ubuntu +---- +description: +- Restart the tor daemon: + +``` + $ systemctl restart tor@default +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +- Install the tor package + +``` + pkg install tor ca_root_nss +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: + - Edit the configuration `file/usr/local/etc/tor/torrc` + +``` + Nickname myNiceRelay + ORPort 9001 + ExitRelay 0 + SocksPort 0 + ControlSocket 0 + ContactInfo tor-operator@your-emailaddress-domain + Log notice syslog +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +- Ensure that the random_id sysctl setting is enabled: + +``` + echo "net.inet.ip.random_id=1" >> /etc/sysctl.conf + sysctl net.inet.ip.random_id=1 +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +- Start the tor daemon and make sure it starts at boot: + +``` + sysrc tor_enable=YES + service tor start +``` + + +#### slide #### +title: Non-exit relay - FreeBSD +---- +description: +Optional, but recommended to get package updates faster: +[https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/TorRelayGuide/FreeBSD](https://trac.torproject.org/projects/tor/wiki/TorRelayGuide/FreeBSD) + + +#### slide #### +title: Verify that your relay works +---- +description: + +After restarting the service, verify in the log file if it contains the following entry: +``` + Self-testing indicates your ORPort is + reachable from the outside. + Excellent. + Publishing server descriptor. +``` + +About 3 hours after you started your relay it should appear on Metrics portal in Relay Search. + + +#### slide #### +title: More about relays +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Technical tips +---- +description: +- Enable automatic software updates. +- Backup your Tor Identity Keys. +- It’s possible to limit bandwidth usage (and traffic). Check the parameters, for example: AccountingMax, AccountingRule, AccountingStart. +- If run more than one Tor relay, you need to set MyFamily parameter. + + +#### slide #### +title: Orchestrating +---- +description: +- Running multiple relays by hand can be challenging. +- Configuration management tools can make the relay operator life easier: +- Ansible-relayor: [http://github.com/nusenu/ansible-relayor](http://github.com/nusenu/ansible-… +- Bash script: [https://github.com/coldhakca/tor-relay-bootstrap](https://github.com/coldha… + + +#### slide #### +title: Metrics +---- +description: +- Metrics portal - [https://metrics.torproject.org](https://metrics.torproject.org) +- It’s possible to search: how many relays are in the network, how many are exit, etc +- In 2019 there are ~6,600 relays and ~1,500 bridges. +- Check: how many relays are in your country? Who run these relays? How diverse it is? + + +#### slide #### +title: Network diversity +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Monoculture +---- +description: +- A single kernel vulnerability in GNU/Linux impacting Tor relays could be devastating. +- Diversity of Operating System (OS): ~90% of relays are Linux. + + +#### slide #### +title: Monoculture +---- +description: +- Diversity of Autonomous System (AS). Try to avoid the following hosters: OVH SAS (AS16276), Online S.a.s. (AS12876), Hetzner Online GmbH (AS24940), DigitalOcean, LLC (AS14061). + + +#### slide #### +title: More about exit relays +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Legal information +---- +description: +- In many countries there are regulations that exclude communication service providers from liability. +- It's a good idea to consult with a lawyer or your local digital rights organization. +- Under most circumstances you will be able to handle legal matters by having an abuse response letter. + + +#### slide #### +title: Legal resources +---- +description: +- The EFF Tor Legal FAQ: +[https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/eff-tor-legal-faq/](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/eff-tor-legal-faq/) +- It’s important to respond to abuse complaints in a timely manner (usually within 24 hours). +- Abuse templates letters: +[https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/tor-abuse-templates](https://community.torproject.org/relay/community-resources/tor-abuse-templates) + + +#### slide #### +title: Running relays with others +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Running a relay with others +---- +description: +- You can work with your university department, employer or institution, or an organization like [Torservers.org](Torservers.org) +- [Torservers.org](Torservers.org) is an independent, global network of organizations that helps the Tor network by running high bandwidth Tor relays. +- In many countries operating as a corporation instead of as an individual can also get you certain legal protections. + + +#### slide #### +title: Relays associations +---- +description: +- It’s often advised to create some type of non-profit corporation. This is useful for having a bank account and shared ownership. +- To start a relay association, the most important thing is to have a group of people (3-5 suggested to start) interested in helping. +- For example: Torservers.org, Cold Hak, enn.lu, nos-oignons. + + +#### slide #### +title: Running a relay with universities +---- +description: +- Universities are typically home to a reliable, robust, and well-equipped network. +- Many computer science departments and university libraries run relays, i.e., Massachussetts Institute of Technology (MIT CSAIL), Universitaet Stuttgart, the University of Waterloo. + + +#### slide #### +title: Running a relay with universities +---- +description: +- Start running a relay campaign in your university: [https://www.eff.org/torchallenge/tor-on-campus.html](https://www.eff.org/to… + + +#### slide #### +title: At your company or organization +---- description: - - +- If you work at a Tor-friendly company or organization, that's another ideal place to run a relay. +- Companies like Brass Horn Communications, Quintex Alliance Consulting, and OmuraVPN +- And organizations like Digital Courage, Access Now, Derechos Digitales, and Lebanon Libraries in New Hampshire. + + +#### slide #### +title: Bad relays +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: What is a bad relay? +---- +description: +- A bad relay is one that either doesn't work properly or tampers with our users' connections. This can be either through maliciousness or misconfiguration. + + +#### slide #### +title: What is a bad relay? +---- +description: +- For example: tampering with exit traffic in any way (including dropping accepted connections). Or, running HSDirs that harvest and probe .onion addresses + + +#### slide #### +title: Reporting a bad relay +---- +description: +- Bad relays is also a private working group in Tor Project to detect misconfigured, malicious, or suspicious relay. +- Users can report bad relays sending an email to bad-relays(a)lists.torproject.org with the relay's IP address or fingerprint, what kind of behavior did you see, and any additional information it’s needed to reproduce the issue. + + +#### slide #### +title: What happens to bad relays? +---- +description: +- After a relay is reported and we've verified the behavior we'll attempt to contact the relay operator. +- We'll flag it to prevent it from continuing to be used (BadExit, Invalid, Reject). +- The working group actively look for bad relays using open source tools like: exitmap, sysbilhunter. + + +#### slide #### +title: How do I get help running a Tor relay? +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png + + +#### slide #### +title: Getting help +---- +description: +- Read the Tor Relay Guide documentation before: +- [https://torproject.org/relay-guide](https://torproject.org/relay-guide) +- Search the mailing list archive: tor-relays in [https://lists.torproject.org](https://lists.torproject.org) +- Join the IRC channel: #tor-relays in irc.oftc.net + + +#### slide #### +title: Thank you! +---- +author: +name - email(a)example.com +---- +subtitle: +PGP FINGERPRINT +---- +layout: title +---- +background-image: /static/images/onion-white.png

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