I'm being a jerk and cross-posting to tor-relays, because I want to make sure that relay operators are aware of the differences in the Snort vs HoneyBadger approach. Chris Dagdigian:

I run a US-based exit node and would be interested in a way to run this software without compromising the users exiting my node. Looking forward to your additional writeups - especially anything geared towards exit nodes and quantum insert detection.

I too look forward to David's writeup! For what it's worth, I think HoneyBadger is likely to be safer for exits, more comprehensive, more accurate, less noisy, and more high performance than a Snort-based solution. HoneyBadger is focused only on this particular attack and is written in golang, whereas Snort has tons of rules for everything and is written in C. This means that HoneyBadger will have a much smaller vulnerability surface and should be much harder to directly exploit than Snort. Since we're talking about detecting and capturing attacks from well funded state/world-class adversaries here (wow, what a world), vulnerability surface minimization and general memory safety are top priority. Snort is also vulnerable to tailored attacks designed to flood its logs and/or avoid detection. Snort is particularly susceptible to missing stateful attacks designed to subvert its stateless rule-based approach to detection. Several types of TCP injection attacks that rely on TCP reassembly will likely fall into this category (type 4 in: https://honeybadger.readthedocs.org/en/latest/#tcp-injection-attacks). HoneyBadger also appears to have better logging options than the Snort rules. David has been in contact with malware researchers who were quite insistent that to properly analyze 0day, a single evilpacket is very likely to be insufficient -- context is essential, especially if the attacker wants to obfuscate the attack or otherwise avoid exploit extraction. Hence the need to provide optional full-take and rolling logging options that make it easier to extract the full TCP stream of a tampered connection, as well as related concurrent traffic (such as a stream from a related HTTP redirect to an ephemeral URL). I've been talking with David about ways to place these logs on a ramdisk or an ephemerally encrypted partition, so that when detailed logs are needed, they can be handled as safely as possible.

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David Stainton <mailto:dstainton415@gmail.com> April 22, 2015 at 2:41 PM Greetings,

Did you all see this Wired article about Quantum Insert detection?

https://www.wired.com/2015/04/researchers-uncover-method-detect-nsa-quantum-...

These TCP injection attacks are used by various entities around the world (not just NSA!) to target individuals for surveillance or perhaps to add their computers to a botnet for other purposes.

If you do not use a VPN or Tor you can run "Quantum Insert" detection on your computer and detect when you receive an attack attempt. However be advised that proper sandboxing is important here because intrusion detection and protocol anylsis tools are notoriously insecure and get pwned all the time.

If you are a Tor exit relay operator you have the options of running detection software; However you should not publish the results publicly without mixing in some noise or your published data might make it possible for some adversaries to deanonymize Tor users. If your country has strict telecommunications laws then it might only be legal for you to perform this type of detection if you do not perform logging.

For the past several months... in my free time I've been slowly developing a very comprehensive TCP injection attack detection tool called HoneyBadger:

https://github.com/david415/HoneyBadger

Quantum Insert is a NSA codeword for "TCP injection attack", however either of these terms are too vague. During my research I was able to classify 4 different types of TCP injection attack. When I say that HoneytBadger is comprehensive what I mean is that Honeybadger can detect ALL of these types of TCP injection attack types... I describe them briefly here:

https://honeybadger.readthedocs.org/en/latest/

Here's the Fox-IT blog post about their Quantum Insert detection software: http://blog.fox-it.com/2015/04/20/deep-dive-into-quantum-insert/

I am going to work on writing a much more comprehensive blog post; it will be filled with gory technical details AND it will include information on how to use HoneyBadger. HoneyBadger has optional (off by default) full-take logging which could enable you to capture a zero-day payload from a TCP attack; you should then responsibly disclose to the software vendor or contact a malware analyst to help out!

Sincerely,

David Stainton

-- Mike Perry