Author: arma Date: 2011-09-09 16:54:21 +0000 (Fri, 09 Sep 2011) New Revision: 25043 Modified: website/trunk/docs/en/verifying-signatures.wml Log: the verifying signatures page is now less awful it's still awful, in that it doesn't explain why you would want to verify a signature, or how you actually decide whether to trust a key. Modified: website/trunk/docs/en/verifying-signatures.wml =================================================================== --- website/trunk/docs/en/verifying-signatures.wml 2011-09-09 00:15:11 UTC (rev 25042) +++ website/trunk/docs/en/verifying-signatures.wml 2011-09-09 16:54:21 UTC (rev 25043) @@ -12,205 +12,121 @@ <h1>How to verify signatures for packages</h1> <hr> - <p>Each file on <a href="<page download/download>">our download page</a> is accompanied - by a file with the same name as the package and the extension - ".asc". These .asc files are GPG signatures. They allow you to verify - the file you've downloaded is exactly the one that we intended you to - get. For example, tor-browser-<version-torbrowserbundle>_en-US.exe is accompanied by + <p>Each file on <a href="<page download/download>">our download + page</a> is accompanied by a file with the same name as the + package and the extension ".asc". These .asc files are GPG + signatures. They allow you to verify the file you've downloaded + is exactly the one that we intended you to get. For example, + tor-browser-<version-torbrowserbundle>_en-US.exe is accompanied by tor-browser-<version-torbrowserbundle>_en-US.exe.asc.</p> - <p>Of course, you'll need to have our GPG keys in your keyring: if you don't - know the GPG key, you can't be sure that it was really us who signed it. The - signing keys we use are:</p> - <ul> - <li>Roger's (0x28988BF5) typically signs the source code file.</li> - <li>Nick's (0x165733EA, or its subkey 0x8D29319A).</li> - <li>Andrew's (0x31B0974B) typically signed older packages for windows and mac.</li> - <li>Peter's (0xC82E0039, or its subkey 0xE1DEC577).</li> - <li>Tomás's (0x9A753A6B) signs current Vidalia release tarballs and tags.</li> - <li>Matt's (0x5FA14861) signed older Vidalia release tarballs.</li> - <li>Damian's (0x9ABBEEC6) signs Arm releases</li> - <li>Jacob's (0xE012B42D).</li> - <li>Erinn's (0x63FEE659) and (0xF1F5C9B5) typically signs all windows, mac, and most linux packages.</li> - <li>Mike's (0xDDC6C0AD) signs the Torbutton xpi.</li> - <li>Karsten's (0xF7C11265) signs the metrics archives and tools.</li> - <li>Robert Hogan's (0x22F6856F) signs torsocks release tarballs and tags.</li> - <li>Nathan's (0xB374CBD2) signs the Android APK file for Orbot.</li>. - <li>Tor Project Archive (0x886DDD89) signs the deb.torproject.org repositories and archives</li> - </ul> - - <h3>Step Zero: Install GnuPG</h3> + <h3>Windows</h3> <hr> - <p>You need to have GnuPG installed before you can verify - signatures.</p> - <ul> - <li>Linux: see <a + <p>You need to have GnuPG installed + before you can verify signatures. Go to <a href="http://www.gnupg.org/download/">http://www.gnupg.org/download/</a> - or install <i>gnupg</i> from the package management system.</li> - <li>Windows: see <a - href="http://www.gnupg.org/download/">http://www.gnupg.org/download/</a>. Look - for the "version compiled for MS-Windows" under "Binaries".</li> - <li>Mac: see <a - href="http://macgpg.sourceforge.net/">http://macgpg.sourceforge.net/</a>.</li> - </ul> + and look for the "version compiled for MS-Windows" under "Binaries".</p> - <h3>Step One: Import the keys</h3> - <hr> - <p>The next step is to import the key. This can be done directly from - GnuPG. Make sure you import the correct key. For example, if you - downloaded a Windows package, you will need to import Erinn's key.</p> + <p>Once it's installed, use GnuPG to import the key that signed your + package. Since GnuPG for Windows is a command-line tool, you will need + to use <i>cmd.exe</i>. Unless you edit your PATH environment variable, + you will need to tell Windows the full path to the GnuPG program. If + you installed GnuPG with the default values, the path should be + something like this: <i>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe</i>.</p> - <p><b>Windows:</b></p> - <p>GnuPG for Windows is a command line tool, and you will need to use - <i>cmd.exe</i>. Unless you edit your PATH environment variable, you will - need to tell Windows the full path to the GnuPG program. If you installed GnuPG - with the default values, the path should be something like this: <i>C:\Program - Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe</i>.</p> + <p>Erinn Clark signs the Tor Browser Bundles. Import her key + (0x63FEE659) by starting <i>cmd.exe</i> and typing:</p> - <p>To import the key 0x28988BF5, start <i>cmd.exe</i> and type:</p> + <pre>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 0x63FEE659</pre> - <pre>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 0x28988BF5</pre> + <p>After importing the key, you can verify that the fingerprint + is correct:</p> - <p><b>Mac and Linux</b></p> - <p>Whether you have a Mac or you run Linux, you will need to use the terminal - to run GnuPG. Mac users can find the terminal under "Applications". If you run - Linux and use Gnome, the terminal should be under "Applications menu" and - "Accessories". KDE users can find the terminal under "Menu" and "System".</p> + <pre>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe --fingerprint 0x63FEE659</pre> - <p>To import the key 0x28988BF5, start the terminal and type:</p> + <p>You should see:</p> + <pre> + pub 2048R/63FEE659 2003-10-16 + Key fingerprint = 8738 A680 B84B 3031 A630 F2DB 416F 0610 63FE E659 + uid Erinn Clark <erinn@torproject.org> + uid Erinn Clark <erinn@debian.org> + uid Erinn Clark <erinn@double-helix.org> + sub 2048R/EB399FD7 2003-10-16 +</pre> - <pre>gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 0x28988BF5</pre> + <p>To verify the signature of the package you downloaded, you will need + to download the ".asc" file as well. Assuming you downloaded the + package and its signature to your Desktop, run:</p> - <h3>Step Two: Verify the fingerprints</h3> - <hr> - <p>After importing the key, you will want to verify that the fingerprint is correct.</p> + <pre>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe --verify C:\Users\Alice\Desktop\<file-win32-bundle-stable>.asc C:\Users\Alice\Desktop\<file-win32-bundle-stable></pre> - <p><b>Windows:</b></p> - <pre>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe --fingerprint (insert keyid here)</pre> + <p>The output should say "Good signature": </p> - <p><b>Mac and Linux</b></p> - <pre>gpg --fingerprint (insert keyid here)</pre> - - The fingerprints for the keys should be: - <pre> - pub 1024D/28988BF5 2000-02-27 - Key fingerprint = B117 2656 DFF9 83C3 042B C699 EB5A 896A 2898 8BF5 - uid Roger Dingledine <arma@mit.edu> + gpg: Signature made Wed 31 Aug 2011 06:37:01 PM EDT using RSA key ID 63FEE659 + gpg: Good signature from "Erinn Clark <erinn@torproject.org>" + gpg: aka "Erinn Clark <erinn@debian.org>" + gpg: aka "Erinn Clark <erinn@double-helix.org>" + gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! + gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. + Primary key fingerprint: 8738 A680 B84B 3031 A630 F2DB 416F 0610 63FE E659 + </pre> - pub 3072R/165733EA 2004-07-03 - Key fingerprint = B35B F85B F194 89D0 4E28 C33C 2119 4EBB 1657 33EA - uid Nick Mathewson <nickm@alum.mit.edu> - uid Nick Mathewson <nickm@wangafu.net> - uid Nick Mathewson <nickm@freehaven.net> + <p> + Notice that there is a warning because you haven't assigned a trust + index to this person. This means that GnuPG verified that the key made + that signature, but it's up to you to decide if that key really belongs + to the developer. The best method is to meet the developer in person and + exchange key fingerprints. + </p> - pub 1024D/31B0974B 2003-07-17 - Key fingerprint = 0295 9AA7 190A B9E9 027E 0736 3B9D 093F 31B0 974B - uid Andrew Lewman (phobos) <phobos@rootme.org> - uid Andrew Lewman <andrew@lewman.com> - uid Andrew Lewman <andrew@torproject.org> - sub 4096g/B77F95F7 2003-07-17 + <h3>Mac OS X</h3> + <hr> - pub 4096R/C82E0039 2003-03-24 - Key fingerprint = 25FC 1614 B8F8 7B52 FF2F 99B9 62AF 4031 C82E 0039 - uid Peter Palfrader - uid Peter Palfrader <peter@palfrader.org> - uid Peter Palfrader <weasel@debian.org> + <p>You need to have GnuPG installed before you can verify + signatures. You can install it from <a + href="http://macgpg.sourceforge.net/">http://macgpg.sourceforge.net/</a>. + </p> - pub 1024D/9A753A6B 2009-09-11 - Key fingerprint = 553D 7C2C 626E F16F 27F3 30BC 95E3 881D 9A75 3A6B - uid Tomás Touceda <chiiph@gmail.com> - sub 1024g/33BE0E5B 2009-09-11 + <p>Once it's installed, use GnuPG to import the key that signed + your package. Erinn Clark signs the Tor Browser Bundles. Import her + key (0x63FEE659) by starting the terminal (under "Applications") + and typing:</p> - pub 1024D/5FA14861 2005-08-17 - Key fingerprint = 9467 294A 9985 3C9C 65CB 141D AF7E 0E43 5FA1 4861 - uid Matt Edman <edmanm@rpi.edu> - uid Matt Edman <Matt_Edman@baylor.edu> - uid Matt Edman <edmanm2@cs.rpi.edu> - sub 4096g/EA654E59 2005-08-17 + <pre>gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 0x63FEE659</pre> - pub 1024D/9ABBEEC6 2009-06-17 - Key fingerprint = 6827 8CC5 DD2D 1E85 C4E4 5AD9 0445 B7AB 9ABB EEC6 - uid Damian Johnson (www.atagar.com) <atagar1@gmail.com> - uid Damian Johnson <atagar@torproject.org> - sub 2048g/146276B2 2009-06-17 - sub 2048R/87F30690 2010-08-07 + <p>After importing the key, you can verify that the fingerprint + is correct:</p> - pub 4096R/E012B42D 2010-05-07 - Key fingerprint = D8C9 AF51 CAA9 CAEA D3D8 9C9E A34F A745 E012 B42D - uid Jacob Appelbaum <jacob@appelbaum.net> - uid Jacob Appelbaum <jacob@torproject.org> - sub 4096R/7CA91A52 2010-05-07 [expires: 2011-05-07] + <pre>gpg --fingerprint 0x63FEE659</pre> + <p>You should see:</p> + <pre> pub 2048R/63FEE659 2003-10-16 Key fingerprint = 8738 A680 B84B 3031 A630 F2DB 416F 0610 63FE E659 uid Erinn Clark <erinn@torproject.org> uid Erinn Clark <erinn@debian.org> uid Erinn Clark <erinn@double-helix.org> sub 2048R/EB399FD7 2003-10-16 - - pub 1024D/F1F5C9B5 2010-02-03 - Key fingerprint = C2E3 4CFC 13C6 2BD9 2C75 79B5 6B8A AEB1 F1F5 C9B5 - uid Erinn Clark <erinn@torproject.org> - sub 1024g/7828F26A 2010-02-03 - - pub 1024D/DDC6C0AD 2006-07-26 - Key fingerprint = BECD 90ED D1EE 8736 7980 ECF8 1B0C A30C DDC6 C0AD - uid Mike Perry <mikeperry@fscked.org> - uid Mike Perry <mikepery@fscked.org> - sub 4096g/AF0A91D7 2006-07-26 - - pub 1024D/F7C11265 2007-03-09 [expires: 2012-03-01] - Key fingerprint = FC8A EEF1 792E EE71 D721 7D47 D0CF 963D F7C1 1265 - uid Karsten Loesing <karsten.loesing@gmx.net> - sub 2048g/75D85E4B 2007-03-09 [expires: 2012-03-01] - - pub 1024D/22F6856F 2006-08-19 - Key fingerprint = DDB4 6B5B 7950 CD47 E59B 5189 4C09 25CF 22F6 856F - uid Robert Hogan <robert@roberthogan.net> - sub 1024g/FC4A9460 2006-08-19 - - pub 3072D/B374CBD2 2010-06-09 [expires: 2011-06-09] - Key fingerprint = B92B CA64 72F7 C6F0 8D47 8503 D2AC D203 B374 CBD2 - uid Nathan of Guardian <nathan@guardianproject.info> - sub 4096g/B5878C3B 2010-06-09 [expires: 2011-06-09] - - pub 2048R/886DDD89 2009-09-04 [expires: 2014-09-03] - Key fingerprint = A3C4 F0F9 79CA A22C DBA8 F512 EE8C BC9E 886D DD89 - uid deb.torproject.org archive signing key - sub 2048R/219EC810 2009-09-04 [expires: 2012-09-03] </pre> - <h3>Step Three: Verify the downloaded package</h3> - <hr> - <p> To verify the signature of the package you downloaded, you will need - to download the ".asc" file as well.</p> + <p>To verify the signature of the package you downloaded, you will need + to download the ".asc" file as well. Assuming you downloaded the + package and its signature to your Desktop, run:</p> - <p>In the following examples, the user Alice downloads packages for - Windows, Mac OS X and Linux and also verifies the signature of each - package. All files are saved on the desktop.</p> - - <p><b>Windows:</b></p> - <pre>C:\Program Files\Gnu\GnuPg\gpg.exe --verify C:\Users\Alice\Desktop\<file-win32-bundle-stable>.asc C:\Users\Alice\Desktop\<file-win32-bundle-stable></pre> - - <p><b>Mac:</b></p> <pre>gpg --verify /Users/Alice/<file-osx-x86-bundle-stable>.asc /Users/Alice/<file-osx-x86-bundle-stable></pre> - <p><b>Linux</b></p> - <pre>gpg --verify /home/Alice/Desktop/<file-source-stable>.asc /home/Alice/Desktop/<file-source-stable></pre> - + <p>The output should say "Good signature": </p> - <p>After verifying, GnuPG will come back saying something like "Good - signature" or "BAD signature". The output should look something like - this:</p> - <pre> - gpg: Signature made Tue 16 Mar 2010 05:55:17 AM CET using DSA key ID 28988BF5 - gpg: Good signature from "Roger Dingledine <arma@mit.edu>" + gpg: Signature made Wed 31 Aug 2011 06:37:01 PM EDT using RSA key ID 63FEE659 + gpg: Good signature from "Erinn Clark <erinn@torproject.org>" + gpg: aka "Erinn Clark <erinn@debian.org>" + gpg: aka "Erinn Clark <erinn@double-helix.org>" gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. - Primary key fingerprint: B117 2656 DFF9 83C3 042B C699 EB5A 896A 2898 8BF5 + Primary key fingerprint: 8738 A680 B84B 3031 A630 F2DB 416F 0610 63FE E659 </pre> <p> @@ -221,28 +137,20 @@ exchange key fingerprints. </p> - <p>For your reference, this is an example of a <em>BAD</em> verification. It - means that the signature and file contents do not match. In this case, - you should not trust the file contents:</p> + <h3>Linux</h3> + <hr> - <pre> - gpg: Signature made Tue 20 Apr 2010 12:22:32 PM CEST using DSA key ID 28988BF5 - gpg: BAD signature from "Roger Dingledine <arma@mit.edu>" - </pre> + <p>For <b>RPM-based distributions</b> you can manually verify the + signatures on the RPM packages by:</p> + <pre>rpm -K filename.rpm</pre> - <p><b>RPM-based distributions :</b></p> - <p>In order to manually verify the signatures on the RPM packages, you must use the - <code>rpm</code> tool like so: <br /> - - <pre>rpm -K filename.rpm</pre></p> - <p></p> - - <p><b>Debian:</b></p> - <p>If you are running Tor on Debian you should read the instructions on - <a href="<page docs/debian>#packages">importing these keys to apt</a>.</p> + <p>For <b>Debian</b>, you should read the instructions on <a + href="<page docs/debian>#packages">importing these keys to + apt</a>.</p> <p>If you wish to learn more about GPG, see <a href="http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/">http://www.gnupg.org/documentation/</a>.</p> + </div> <!-- END MAINCOL --> <div id = "sidecol">